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maxhealthcare. in/blogs/knee-injuries Close Anatomy of the knee Bony Anatomy:The knee joint is the point where three bones meet. The thigh bone (femur), leg bone (tibia) and knee cap or patella.
Key symptoms and patterns
The thigh and leg bone glide over each other facilitating loading of the knee (bearing weight) and movement of the knee joint. The knee cap (patella) is convex on the part that glides over a groove (concave portion) on the thigh bone called the trochlea.
Muscular Anatomy:The knee cap has the thigh muscles (quadriceps mechanism) attached to it on its upper aspect and a rope like structure(tendon) that attaches it to the leg bone. This mechanism acts as a lever and facilitates movement of the knee joint.
The effort being the quadriceps muscle, the patella the fulcrum and the patellar tendon bearing the load which is the movement of the leg bone over the thigh bone during bending of the knee. Soft Tissue Anatomy: All three bony surfaces are covered with a 1cm thick layer of polish called cartilage.
This facilitates very little friction during movement
This facilitates very little friction during movement. Apart from this there are two ‘C’ shaped cushions between the thigh and leg bone, one on the inside of the knee and the other on the outside.
These act as shock absorbers reducing the load that is directly transmitted to the cartilage and bone, much like shock absorbers in a bike. To keep both the thigh bone and leg bone together facilitating them to be stable are four ropes called ligaments.
Ligaments: One on the inside: medial collateral ligament (MCL) One on the outside: lateral collateral ligament Two in the centre crossing each other: Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments Injuries These can be broadly classified into: 1. Bony 2.
Diagnosis and evaluation
Soft Tissue Bony Injuries: These refer to fractures of the femur, tibia or patella. Bones break either into two pieces (simple fractures) or multiple pieces (comminuted fractures). They may be associated with a wound of varying size that communicates with the fracture making it an open fracture.
If not they are called closed fractures. Bone may break at points where ligaments or tendons are attached to them, these injures are called avulsion injuries.
If the pieces have not moved much from their original location, the fractures are called minimally displaced/undisplaced , if they have moved away from their original location they are called displaced fractures.
Treatment and self-care
Fractures that communicate with the joint are called intra articular fractures and those that do not extra articular fractures Diagnosis: The patient typically will have an antecedent injury followed by pain inability to move the limb, swelling and deformity.
Diagnosis is confirmed by doing x rays of the part including the joint above and below the injury. Sometimes fractures may not be visible on an Xray clearly, eg: an undisplaced crack fracture. Then doing a CT scan helps. Treatment: Treatment largely involves the nature of the fracture, location and displacement.
Learn about the foods for bone healing. Soft Tissue Injuries Ligament Injuries: ACL/PCL Tear: The anterior cruciate ligament prevents the leg bone from moving forward on the thigh bone. It has a tendancy to get injured when the knee goes into hyperextension or twists during a sporting activity/ two wheeler accident.
Consult Dr. Kumar Deepak in Lucknow
Persistent joint, bone, or muscle symptoms deserve a structured evaluation rather than repeated self-treatment alone.
Dr. Kumar Deepak — M.S. Ortho (Gold Medalist), F.I.J.R | ASAMI | AO Trauma — consults at The OrthoVision Clinic and Remedy Medicity, Lucknow. Call to book an appointment and discuss a plan suited to your activity level.
Frequently Asked Questions
When should I see an orthopaedic specialist instead of waiting?
Seek review if pain lasts more than a few weeks, disturbs sleep, causes limping, or limits work and daily tasks despite rest and simple measures.
Does this information replace an in-person examination?
No. Online guides help you understand options, but diagnosis depends on clinical examination and investigations tailored to your case.
Where can I get orthopaedic care in Lucknow?
Dr. Kumar Deepak sees patients at The OrthoVision Clinic (Ahmamau, Sultanpur Road) and Remedy Medicity, Lucknow.
